{"id":35,"date":"2023-08-25T00:35:10","date_gmt":"2023-08-24T22:35:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/?page_id=35"},"modified":"2026-03-18T16:05:23","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T15:05:23","slug":"o-zivote-karasu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/o-zivote-karasu\/","title":{"rendered":"O \u017eivot\u011b karas\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ekologie karase obecn\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdskyt karase obecn\u00e9ho je v\u00e1z\u00e1n na stojat\u00e9 a m\u00edrn\u011b tekouc\u00ed vody s bahnit\u00fdm dnem a hustou vegetac\u00ed. Jeho p\u016fvodn\u00edm stanovi\u0161t\u011bm jsou z\u00e1plavov\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed doln\u00edch tok\u016f \u0159ek. P\u0159irozen\u011b se nej\u010dast\u011bji vyskytuje se slunkou obecnou (Leucaspius delineatus<\/em>), pisko\u0159em pruhovan\u00fdm (Misgurnus fossilis<\/em>), perl\u00ednem ostrob\u0159ich\u00fdm (Scardinius erythrophthalmus<\/em>) \u010di l\u00ednem obecn\u00fdm (Tinca tinca<\/em>), ale i s dal\u0161\u00edmi druhy ryb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed bez rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch obdob\u00ed bez kysl\u00edku, kde se vyskytuje v\u00edce druh\u016f v ryb\u00edm spole\u010denstvu, b\u00fdv\u00e1 zastoupen pouze mal\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm velk\u00fdch jedinc\u016f. Naopak ve vod\u00e1ch, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed kysl\u00edku, je karas obecn\u00fd \u010dasto jedin\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdm druhem, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed velmi po\u010detn\u00e9 populace s dominanc\u00ed jedinc\u016f do 10 cm d\u00e9lky. Tito jedinci maj\u00ed v pom\u011bru k t\u011blu velkou hlavu a jsou n\u00edzkoh\u0159bet\u00ed. Ve star\u0161\u00ed literatu\u0159e je tato forma naz\u00fdv\u00e1na jako bahenn\u00ed (forma Carassius carassius f. humilis<\/em>). Hustota t\u011bchto populac\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout i v\u00edce ne\u017e 320 kg. ha-1. Tyto formy mezi sebou voln\u011b p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na prost\u0159ed\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e se vyskytuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Samec
Typick\u00fd jedinec s velkou hlavou v pom\u011bru k t\u011blu jako v\u00fdsledek selekce na konkurenci o potravu.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Typick\u00fd druhotn\u00fd habitat karase obecn\u00e9ho \u2013 zatopen\u00fd kamenn\u00fd lom s rozvinut\u00fdm porostem vodn\u00edch rostlin.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Slunka obecn\u00e1 \u2013 dal\u0161\u00ed druh t\u016fn\u00ed, kter\u00e9ho kriticky ub\u00fdv\u00e1.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Karas obecn\u00fd nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 konkurenceschopn\u00fd a na lokalit\u00e1ch s velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm pred\u00e1tor\u016f a ostatn\u00edch konkuren\u010dn\u00edch druh\u016f ryb neb\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hojn\u00fd. P\u0159esto si vyvinul n\u011bkolik adaptac\u00ed, jak se predaci a konkurenci br\u00e1nit. Prvn\u00ed strategi\u00ed je adaptace na prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m dravci nejsou schopni existovat. Jako jedna z m\u00e1la ryb je schopen p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvat v mal\u00fdch, sez\u00f3nn\u011b anoxick\u00fdch (bezkysl\u00edkat\u00fdch) rybn\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch. N\u00edzk\u00e9 koncentrace kysl\u00edku sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed d\u00edky procesu zvan\u00e9mu anaerobn\u00ed glykol\u00fdza, kdy organismus z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 energii z glykogenu bez p\u0159\u00edstupu kysl\u00edku. Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 mu p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt zejm\u00e9na v severn\u00edch oblastech, ve kter\u00fdch jsou jeho habitaty pokryt\u00e9 ledem i n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Takov\u00e1to prost\u0159ed\u00ed um\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnout pouze p\u00e1r druh\u016f ryb (nap\u0159\u00edklad pisko\u0159 pruhovan\u00fd) a n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy vodn\u00edch \u017eelv. Drav\u00e9 ryby obdob\u00ed bez kysl\u00edku nep\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed, a proto i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se do t\u016fn\u011b dostanou se z\u00e1plavovou vodou, neudr\u017e\u00ed se trvale. Preda\u010dn\u00ed tlak v t\u011bchto lokalit\u00e1ch tak p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pouze dravci neryb\u00ed, nap\u0159. led\u0148\u00e1\u010dci nebo volavky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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V zim\u011b tento rybn\u00ed\u010dek m\u016f\u017ee zamrznout a pod ledem pak prob\u00edh\u00e1 rozklad vodn\u00edch rostlin, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek absenci kysl\u00edku ve vod\u011b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Druhou adaptac\u00ed proti dravc\u016fm je vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vysok\u00e9 formy t\u011bla. Pokud se karas obecn\u00fd vyskytuje na lokalit\u011b s p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed drav\u00fdch druh\u016f ryb, vytvo\u0159\u00ed jako obranu p\u0159ed napadnut\u00edm vysokou formu t\u011bla a jeho populace se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z mal\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed velk\u00fdch jedinc\u016f (1\u201325 jedinc\u016f\/ha). Tato forma je d\u00edky vysok\u00e9mu t\u011blu nedostupnou potravou pro v\u011bt\u0161inu velikost\u00ed drav\u00fdch druh\u016f ryb. Nav\u00edc je schopna p\u0159i setk\u00e1n\u00ed s dravcem, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0161tikou, dos\u00e1hnout vysok\u00e9 \u00fanikov\u00e9 rychlosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Na prvn\u00ed pohled dva rozd\u00edln\u00e9 druhy \u2013 p\u0159esto jsou oba dva jedinci karase obecn\u00e9ho. Naho\u0159e vysokot\u011bl\u00e1 forma z mnohadruhov\u00e9ho spole\u010denstva, dole n\u00edzkot\u011bl\u00fd jedinec z rybn\u00ed\u010dku ob\u00fdvan\u00e9ho pouze karasem obecn\u00fdm.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jak karas pozn\u00e1, \u017ee je na lokalit\u011b dravec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V prost\u0159ed\u00ed zarostl\u00e9m vodn\u00edmi rostlinami nebo v prost\u0159ed\u00ed s n\u00edzkou pr\u016fhlednost\u00ed mus\u00ed ryby zapojit i jin\u00e9 smysly ne\u017e jen zrak \u010di informace z postrann\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ry. V t\u011bchto situac\u00edch ryby hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u010dichu. Vyvinuly se u nich speci\u00e1ln\u00ed adaptace pro v\u010dasn\u00e9 varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se nebezpe\u010d\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud \u0161tika za\u00fato\u010d\u00ed na hejno karas\u016f a jednoho z nich ulov\u00ed, do okol\u00ed se z jeho r\u00e1ny rozptyluje varovn\u00fd sign\u00e1l. Takov\u00e9mu m\u00edstu se zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed ryby vyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed. Kdy\u017e u\u017e se ryby do nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho prostoru dostanou, udr\u017euj\u00ed mezi sebou men\u0161\u00ed rozestupy a pohybuj\u00ed se obez\u0159etn\u011bji, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zvy\u0161uj\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost \u00faniku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Vysokot\u011bl\u00e9 formy karas\u016f bylo doc\u00edleno i experiment\u00e1ln\u011b v laboratorn\u00edch chovech, kdy do akv\u00e1ri\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci p\u0159id\u00e1vali l\u00e1tky z ryb\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee a sledovali, jak na jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnost ryby zareaguj\u00ed. Samotn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost l\u00e1tek spustila morfologickou p\u0159em\u011bnu t\u011bla, zat\u00edmco u kontroln\u00ed skupiny dr\u017een\u00e9 na stejn\u00e9 potrav\u011b a mno\u017estv\u00ed se adaptace neprojevila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druhotn\u00e9 habitaty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Karas obecn\u00fd na\u0161el sv\u016fj druh\u00fd domov v rybn\u00edc\u00edch a r\u016fzn\u00fdch druhotn\u00fdch vodn\u00edch ploch\u00e1ch. Av\u0161ak v rybni\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed karas obecn\u00fd p\u0159i konkurenci o potravu obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b soupe\u0159\u00ed s rychleji rostouc\u00edmi kapry. Ztratil toti\u017e jednu ze sv\u00fdch hlavn\u00edch v\u00fdhod, vysokou odolnost v\u016f\u010di stresov\u00fdm faktor\u016fm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v obhospoda\u0159ovan\u00e9m rybni\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed uplatn\u011bna. Nav\u00edc je karas obecn\u00fd v obhospoda\u0159ovan\u00fdch rybn\u00edc\u00edch, kde je obvykl\u00e1 doprovodn\u00e1 obs\u00e1dka drav\u00fdch ryb, vystaven vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu preda\u010dn\u00edmu tlaku, na kter\u00fd je n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina ostatn\u00edch podobn\u00fdch v\u0161e\u017erav\u00fdch druh\u016f. Kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu t\u00e9\u017e ub\u00fdv\u00e1 period s dlouhou pokr\u00fdvkou ledu a sn\u011bhu, kter\u00e9 by napomohly odstranit jeho konkurenty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Potravn\u00ed a rozmno\u017eovac\u00ed n\u00e1roky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Karas obecn\u00fd je v\u0161e\u017erav\u00e1 ryba. Jedn\u00e1 se o tzv. bentof\u00e1ga, tedy druh \u017eiv\u00edc\u00ed se zejm\u00e9na drobn\u00fdmi bezobratl\u00fdmi \u017eivo\u010dichy ze dna. Preferuje m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161e, larvy pakom\u00e1r\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dichy \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed u dna. Zna\u010dnou \u010d\u00e1st potravy v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee tvo\u0159it i zooplankton. \u0158asy a vodn\u00ed rostliny vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako potravu minim\u00e1ln\u011b, nebo\u0165 je neum\u00ed efektivn\u011b tr\u00e1vit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karas obecn\u00fd je fytofiln\u00ed druh vyt\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed se na vodn\u00ed rostliny. V\u00fdt\u011br prob\u00edh\u00e1 ve t\u0159ech a\u017e p\u011bti d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch b\u011bhem jednoho v\u00fdt\u011brov\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed, tzv. porcov\u00fdm v\u00fdt\u011brem. P\u0159irozen\u011b se vyt\u00edr\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed kv\u011btna a\u017e \u010dervna s optim\u00e1ln\u00ed teplotou vody pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed se mezi 18 \u00b0C a 22 \u00b0C. Pohlavn\u011b dosp\u00edv\u00e1 ve v\u011bku 2 a\u017e 3 let. Pom\u011br samic a samc\u016f je v populaci vyrovnan\u00fd. Ob\u011b pohlav\u00ed se poprv\u00e9 t\u0159ou obvykle ve druh\u00e9m roce \u017eivota. Velk\u00e9 jikerna\u010dky maj\u00ed a\u017e 300 tis\u00edc jiker. R\u016fst je pom\u011brn\u011b pomal\u00fd, vysoce ovliv\u0148ovan\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm a hustotou populace. Do\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se 8 a v\u00edce let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fylogeografie karase obecn\u00e9ho aneb \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed po dob\u011b ledov\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V Evrop\u011b genetick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy identifikovaly dv\u011b linie karase obecn\u00e9ho. Jedna linie (seversk\u00e1) je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 v severn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u00a0k \u00a0t\u00e9to linii pat\u0159\u00ed povod\u00ed Labe a Odry. Druh\u00e1 linie (Dunajsk\u00e1) se v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b vyskytuje pouze v povod\u00ed Dunaje. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee mezi liniemi v\u00a0jejich geografick\u00fdch oblastech z\u016fst\u00e1vala dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed bari\u00e9ra. Odhaduje se, \u017ee tyto dv\u011b linie byly od sebe izolov\u00e1ny po dobu 2,15 mil. let, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 zhruba za\u010d\u00e1tku pleistoc\u00e9nu. A\u010dkoliv bylo povod\u00ed Dunaje v dob\u011b poledov\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm zdrojem pro op\u011btovn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed sladkovodn\u00edch ryb do severn\u00ed Evropy, co\u017e plat\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad pro vranku obecnou (Cottus gobio<\/em>), okouna \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho (Perca fluviatilis<\/em>), mihuli poto\u010dn\u00ed (Lampetra planeri<\/em>), lipana podhorn\u00edho (Thymallus thymallus<\/em>), parmu obecnou (Barbus barbus<\/em>) \u010di plotici obecnou (Rutilus rutilus<\/em>), neplat\u00ed tento p\u0159edpoklad pro karase obecn\u00e9ho. D\u016fvodem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt, \u017ee v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 druhy se vyskytuj\u00ed na lotick\u00fdch (proudiv\u00fdch) stanovi\u0161t\u00edch, a tak je v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich schopna se relativn\u011b snadno \u0161\u00ed\u0159it. Naproti tomu karas obecn\u00fd m\u00e1 omezen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed potenci\u00e1l \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, proto\u017ee preferuje lentick\u00e9 (stojat\u00e9) vody, izolovan\u00e9 t\u016fn\u011b a mal\u00e1 jezera. Tato rozd\u00edln\u00e1 charakteristika z\u0159ejm\u011b omezila schopnost karase roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it se v horn\u00edm povod\u00ed Dunaje (v \u010cR je tato oblast ohrani\u010dena lini\u00ed \u010cesk\u00fd les, \u0160umava, Novohradsk\u00e9 hory, \u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 vyso\u010dina, Kralick\u00fd sn\u011b\u017en\u00edk, Odersk\u00e9 vrchy, Jesen\u00edky a Moravskoslezsk\u00e9 Beskydy). Tato oblast mohla p\u016fsobit jako bari\u00e9ra pro \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dunajsk\u00e9 linie karase obecn\u00e9ho na severoz\u00e1pad (na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR do \u010cech, \u010d\u00e1sti severn\u00ed Moravy a Slezska).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b ukazuj\u00ed v\u00fdsledky na\u0161ich anal\u00fdz pom\u00edchanost jednotliv\u00fdch lini\u00ed (tedy severn\u00ed a dunajsk\u00e9) v n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech nebo p\u0159\u00edtomnost dunajsk\u00e9 linie karas\u016f i v labsk\u00e9m povod\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o d\u016fle\u017eitou informaci o struktu\u0159e populac\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR, kter\u00e1 hraje d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v ochran\u011b karas\u016f a je t\u0159eba respektovat hranice jejich p\u016fvodn\u00edho roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159i snaze o op\u011btovnou repatriaci druhu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kde zjist\u00edm v\u00edc?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Invazn\u00ed druhy a kompetice:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u010cl\u00e1nky Ondry Do\u010dkala:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/ekolist.cz\/cz\/publicistika\/nazory-a-komentare\/ondrejn-dockal-pojdme-promyslet-jednu-opravdu-silenou-metodu-ochrany-nasich-karasu-a-slunek-pred-invaznimi-druhy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/ekolist.cz\/cz\/publicistika\/nazory-a-komentare\/ondrej-dockal-10-mytu-okolo-nepuvodnich-druhu-ryb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tapkir, S., Boukal, D., Kalous, L., Barto\u0148, D., Souza, A.T., Kolar, V., Soukalov\u00e1, K., Duchet, C., Gottwald, M., \u0160mejkal, M., 2022. Invasive gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) outperforms threatened native crucian carp (Carassius carassius<\/em>) in growth rate and effectiveness of resource use: field and experimental evidence. Aquat Conserv 32 (12), 1901\u20131912.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aqc.3894<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tapkir, S., Thomas, K., Kalous, L. et al., 2023. Invasive gibel carp use vacant space and occupy lower trophic niche compared to endangered native crucian carp. Biol Invasions 25, 2917\u20132928.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10530-023-03081-9<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160mejkal, M., Thomas, K., Ko\u0159en, V., Kube\u010dka, J., 2024. The 50-year history of anglers’ record catches of genus Carassius<\/em>: circumstantial evidence of wiping out the native species by invasive conspecific. NeoBiota 92: 111-128. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3897\/neobiota.92.121288<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160mejkal, M., Kalous, L., Auwerx, J., Gorule, P. A., Jari\u0107, I., Do\u010dkal, O., Fedor\u010d\u00e1k, J., Mu\u0161ka, M., Thomas, K., Tak\u00e1cs, P., Ferincz, \u00c1., Choleva, L., Lamatsch, D. K., Wanzenb\u00f6ck, J., & Van Wichelen, J., 2025. Wetland fish in peril: A synergy between habitat loss and biological invasions drives the extinction of neglected native fauna. Biological Conservation<\/em> 302. Elsevier Ltd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocon.2024.110948<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jeffries, D. L., Lawson-Handley, L., Lamatsch, D. K., Ols\u00e9n, K. H., Sayer, C. D., & H\u00e4nfling, B., 2024. Towards the conservation of the crucian carp in Europe: Prolific hybridization but no evidence for introgression between native and non-native taxa. Molecular Ecology<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mec.17515<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reakce na dravce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Br\u00f6nmark, C., Miner, J.G., 1992. Predator-induced phenotypical change in body morphology in crucian carp. Science (1586) 258, 1348\u20131350. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.258.5086.1348<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bronmark, C., Paszkowski, C.A., Tonn, W.M., Hargeby, A., 1995. Predation as a determinant of size structure in populations of crucian carp (Carassius carassius<\/em>) and tench (Tinca tinca). Text. Ecol Freshw Fish 4, 85\u201392.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0633.1995.tb00121.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Domenici, P., Turesson, H., Brodersen, J., Br\u00f6nmark, C., 2008. Predator-induced morphology enhances escape locomotion in crucian carp. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275 (1631), 195\u2013201. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2007.1088<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek Luk\u00e1\u0161e Kalouse o historii ryb rodu karas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/ziva.avcr.cz\/files\/ziva\/pdf\/karas-stribrity-a-jeho-pribuzni.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Papou\u0161ek, I., Vete\u0161n\u00edk, L., Hala\u010dka, K., Luskov\u00e1, V., Humpl, M., Mendel, J., 2008. Identification of natural hybrids of gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio<\/em> (Bloch) and crucian carp Carassius carassius<\/em> (L.) from lower Dyje River floodplain (Czech Republic). J Fish Biol 72 (5), 1230\u20131235.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2007.01783.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Potrava a ekologie karase<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Holopainen, I.J., Tonn, W.M., Paszkowski, C.A., 1997. Tales of two fish: The dichotomous biology of crucian carp (Carassius carassius<\/em> (L.)) in northern Europe. Ann Zool Fennici 34 (1), 1\u201322.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/23735426<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ochrana karase<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek Ondry Do\u010dkala:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/ekolist.cz\/cz\/publicistika\/nazory-a-komentare\/ondrejn-dockal-karas-a-slunka.mohou-temto-kdysi-hojnym-druhum-pomoci-zachranne-chovy-v-zajeti<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Str\u00e1nky Zde\u0148ka Such\u00e9ho o ochran\u011b karase obecn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/karasobecny.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky Petera Rolfa o ochran\u011b karas\u016f obecn\u00fdch v Anglii:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/www.crucians.org\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 kniha Petera Rolfa \u2013 Crock of Gold: Seeking the Crucian Carp<\/strong>, v n\u00ed\u017e s nad\u0161en\u00edm popisuje sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm karas\u016f obecn\u00fdch a jejich ochranou v Anglii. Copp, G.H., Sayer, C.D., 2020. Demonstrating the practical impact of publications in Aquatic Conservation \u2013 The case of crucian carp (Carassius carassius<\/em>) in the East of England. Aquat Conserv 30 (9), 1753\u20131757. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aqc.3353<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thomas, K., Brabec, M., Kalous, L., Gottwald, M., Barto\u0148, D., Grill, S., Ko\u0159en, V.,
Tapkir, S., \u0160mejkal, M., 2024. Anthropogenic induced drivers of fish assemblages in
small water bodies and conservation implications. Ecohydrol. Hydrobiol. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecohyd.2024.11.003<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pono\u0159te se s n\u00e1mi do hlubin sv\u011bta karase obecn\u00e9ho, ryby pln\u00e9 z\u00e1had a \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdch adaptac\u00ed. Objevte jeho potravn\u00ed preference, tajupln\u00e9 \u00fakryty a v\u0161e o jeho \u017eivot\u011b a ekologii. Zjist\u011bte, jak\u00fd v\u00fdznam m\u00e1 pro na\u0161e vodn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my a pro\u010d je tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm prvkem na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":187,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-35","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11621,"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35\/revisions\/11621"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/187"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zachrankarase.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}